New particle formation from isoprene under upper-tropospheric conditions

Autor(en)

, Jiali Shen, Douglas M. Russell, Jenna DeVivo, Felix Kunkler, Rima Baalbaki, Bernhard Mentler, Wiebke Scholz, Wenjuan Yu, Lucía Caudillo-Plath, Eva Sommer, Emelda Ahongshangbam, Dina Alfaouri, João Almeida, Antonio Amorim, Lisa J. Beck, Hannah Beckmann, Moritz Berntheusel, Nirvan Bhattacharyya, Manjula R. Canagaratna, Anouck Chassaing, Romulo Cruz-Simbron, Lubna Dada, Jonathan Duplissy, Hamish Gordon, Manuel Granzin, Lena Große Schute, Martin Heinritzi, Siddharth Iyer, Hannah Klebach, Timm Krüger, Andreas Kürten, Markus Lampimäki, Lu Liu, Brandon Lopez, Monica Martinez, Aleksandra Morawiec, Antti Onnela, Maija Peltola, Pedro Rato, Mago Reza, Sarah Richter, Birte Rörup, Milin Kaniyodical Sebastian, Mario Simon, Mihnea Surdu, Kalju Tamme, Roseline C. Thakur, António Tomé, Siegfried Schobesberger, Paul M. Winkler

Abstrakt

Aircraft observations have revealed ubiquitous new particle formation in the tropical upper troposphere over the Amazon1,2 and the Atlantic and Pacific oceans3,4. Although the vapours involved remain unknown, recent satellite observations have revealed surprisingly high night-time isoprene mixing ratios of up to 1 part per billion by volume (ppbv) in the tropical upper troposphere5. Here, in experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber, we report new particle formation initiated by the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with isoprene at upper-tropospheric temperatures of −30 °C and −50 °C. We find that isoprene-oxygenated organic molecules (IP-OOM) nucleate at concentrations found in the upper troposphere, without requiring any more vapours. Moreover, the nucleation rates are enhanced 100-fold by extremely low concentrations of sulfuric acid or iodine oxoacids above 105 cm−3, reaching rates around 30 cm−3 s−1 at acid concentrations of 106 cm−3. Our measurements show that nucleation involves sequential addition of IP-OOM, together with zero or one acid molecule in the embryonic molecular clusters. IP-OOM also drive rapid particle growth at 3–60 nm h−1. We find that rapid nucleation and growth rates persist in the presence of NOx at upper-tropospheric concentrations from lightning. Our laboratory measurements show that isoprene emitted by rainforests may drive rapid new particle formation in extensive regions of the tropical upper troposphere1,2, resulting in tens of thousands of particles per cubic centimetre.

Organisation(en)

Aerosolphysik und Umweltphysik

Externe Organisation(en)

University of Helsinki, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Carnegie Mellon University, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (Otto-Hahn-Institut), Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), EURATOM Association, University of Tartu, Aerodyne Res Inc, Stockholm University, University of Colorado, Boulder, Paul Scherrer Institute, Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), University of Tampere, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Universidade da Beira Interior, University of Eastern Finland

Journal

Nature

Band

636

Seiten

115-123

Anzahl der Seiten

25

ISSN

0028-0836

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08196-0

Publikationsdatum

12-2024

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

105208 Atmosphärenchemie, 105205 Klimawandel, 103039 Aerosolphysik, 103037 Umweltphysik

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

General

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 13 – Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz

Link zum Portal

https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/8ee5243e-2b42-4993-9cad-95935595eedd