Emission factors and evolution of SO₂ measured from biomass burning in wildfires and agricultural fires

Autor(en)

Pamela S. Rickly, Hongyu Guo, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose L. Jimenez, Glenn M. Wolfe, Ryan Bennett, Ilann Bourgeois, John D. Crounse, Jack E. Dibb, Joshua P. Digangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Maximilian Dollner, Emily M. Gargulinski, Samuel R. Hall, Hannah S. Halliday, Thomas F. Hanisco, Reem A. Hannun, Jin Liao, Richard Moore, Benjamin A. Nault, John B. Nowak, Jeff Peischl, Claire E. Robinson, Thomas Ryerson, Kevin J. Sanchez, Manuel Schöberl, Amber J. Soja, Jason M. St. Clair, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Kirk Ullmann, Paul O. Wennberg, Bernadett Weinzierl, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward L. Winstead, Andrew W. Rollins

Abstrakt

Fires emit sufficient sulfur to affect local and regional air quality and climate. This study analyzes SO2 emission factors and variability in smoke plumes from US wildfires and agricultural fires, as well as their relationship to sulfate and hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) formation. Observed SO2 emission factors for various fuel types show good agreement with the latest reviews of biomass burning emission factors, producing an emission factor range of 0.47-1.2gSO2kg-1C. These emission factors vary with geographic location in a way that suggests that deposition of coal burning emissions and application of sulfur-containing fertilizers likely play a role in the larger observed values, which are primarily associated with agricultural burning. A 0-D box model generally reproduces the observed trends of SO2 and total sulfate (inorganic + organic) in aging wildfire plumes. In many cases, modeled HMS is consistent with the observed organosulfur concentrations. However, a comparison of observed organosulfur and modeled HMS suggests that multiple organosulfur compounds are likely responsible for the observations but that the chemistry of these compounds yields similar production and loss rates as that of HMS, resulting in good agreement with the modeled results. We provide suggestions for constraining the organosulfur compounds observed during these flights, and we show that the chemistry of HMS can allow organosulfur to act as an S(IV) reservoir under conditions of pH>6 and liquid water content >10-7gsm-3. This can facilitate long-range transport of sulfur emissions, resulting in increased SO2 and eventually sulfate in transported smoke.

Organisation(en)

Aerosolphysik und Umweltphysik

Externe Organisation(en)

University of Colorado, Boulder, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), University of New Hampshire, National Institute of Aerospace, National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), United States Environmental Protection Agency, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Aerodyne Res Inc, Science Systems and Applications, Inc., California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

Journal

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Band

22

Seiten

15603-15620

Anzahl der Seiten

18

ISSN

1680-7316

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15603-2022

Publikationsdatum

12-2022

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

103039 Aerosolphysik, 103037 Umweltphysik, 105208 Atmosphärenchemie

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Atmospheric Science

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 13 – Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz

Link zum Portal

https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/6e906605-bd21-4d72-be29-d0963d1e031d