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Dynamic relaxation of a levitated nanoparticle from a non-equilibrium steady state

Autor(en)
Jan Gieseler, Romain Quidant, Christoph Dellago, Lukas Novotny
Abstrakt

Fluctuation theorems are a generalization of thermodynamics on small scales and provide the tools to characterize the fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities in non-equilibrium nanoscale systems. They are particularly important for understanding irreversibility and the second law in fundamental chemical and biological processes that are actively driven, thus operating far from thermal equilibrium. Here, we apply the framework of fluctuation theorems to investigate the important case of a system relaxing from a non-equilibrium state towards equilibrium. Using a vacuum-trapped nanoparticle, we demonstrate experimentally the validity of a fluctuation theorem for the relative entropy change occurring during relaxation from a non-equilibrium steady state. The platform established here allows non-equilibrium fluctuation theorems to be studied experimentally for arbitrary steady states and can be extended to investigate quantum fluctuation theorems as well as systems that do not obey detailed balance.

Organisation(en)
Computergestützte Physik und Physik der Weichen Materie
Externe Organisation(en)
The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich
Journal
Nature Nanotechnology
Band
9
Seiten
358-364
Anzahl der Seiten
7
ISSN
1748-3387
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/NNANO.2014.40
Publikationsdatum
05-2014
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
103036 Theoretische Physik, 103015 Kondensierte Materie, 103029 Statistische Physik
Schlagwörter
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
Condensed Matter Physics, Bioengineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Allgemeine Materialwissenschaften, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
Link zum Portal
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/106f8d8e-9373-4b9a-a694-6b7e8426df12