Dynamic relaxation of a levitated nanoparticle from a non-equilibrium steady state

Autor(en)

Jan Gieseler, Romain Quidant, Christoph Dellago, Lukas Novotny

Abstrakt

Fluctuation theorems are a generalization of thermodynamics on small scales and provide the tools to characterize the fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities in non-equilibrium nanoscale systems. They are particularly important for understanding irreversibility and the second law in fundamental chemical and biological processes that are actively driven, thus operating far from thermal equilibrium. Here, we apply the framework of fluctuation theorems to investigate the important case of a system relaxing from a non-equilibrium state towards equilibrium. Using a vacuum-trapped nanoparticle, we demonstrate experimentally the validity of a fluctuation theorem for the relative entropy change occurring during relaxation from a non-equilibrium steady state. The platform established here allows non-equilibrium fluctuation theorems to be studied experimentally for arbitrary steady states and can be extended to investigate quantum fluctuation theorems as well as systems that do not obey detailed balance.

Organisation(en)

Computergestützte Physik und Physik der Weichen Materie

Externe Organisation(en)

The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich

Journal

Nature Nanotechnology

Band

9

Seiten

358-364

Anzahl der Seiten

7

ISSN

1748-3387

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/NNANO.2014.40

Publikationsdatum

05-2014

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

103036 Theoretische Physik, 103015 Kondensierte Materie, 103029 Statistische Physik

Schlagwörter

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Condensed Matter Physics, Bioengineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Allgemeine Materialwissenschaften, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Biomedical Engineering

Link zum Portal

https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/106f8d8e-9373-4b9a-a694-6b7e8426df12